ABSTRACT
COVID-19 has wreaked havoc on the global economy, supply chains, and government, posing an unparalleled health threat. The manufacturing sector was one of the most disruptive systems in the world at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Most manufacturing companies have faced a lock-down situation and are focusing on the production of essential products. Furthermore, COVID-19 has altered customer behavior. The short-term and long-term effects of COVID-19 on the manufacturing sector must be evaluated to hasten recovery and build preparedness measures should another such disruption occur. The limitations affecting the construction system during this period were discussed and prioritized in this study. The ambiguous nature of human thinking makes it difficult to evaluate the qualitative parameters;hence, it is preferred to incorporate an approach that converts the variables into triangular fuzzy numbers to better represent the values of the criteria. A fuzzy analytical hierarchical procedure (FAHP) is applied to evaluate the limitation criteria in an ambiguous environment. "Growing demand for existing products" is considered the heaviest limit after "financial stagnation" and "setback in logistics services." The study results will help the manufacturing company in formulating and implementing strategies to overcome the pandemic situation. © 2023 River Publishers. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The present pandemic has tremendously raised the health systems’ burden around the globe. It is important to understand the transmission dynamics of the infection and impose localized strategies across different geographies to curtail the spread of the infection. The present study was designed to assess the transmission dynamics and the health systems’ burden of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) using an agent-based modeling (ABM) approach. The study used a synthetic population with 31,738,240 agents representing 90.67 percent of the overall population of Telangana, India. The effects of imposing and lifting lockdowns, non-pharmaceutical interventions, and the role of immunity were analyzed. The distribution of people in different health states was measured separately for each district of Telangana. The spread dramatically increased and reached a peak soon after the lockdowns were relaxed. It was evident that is the protection offered is higher when a higher proportion of the population is exposed to the interventions. ABMs help to analyze grassroots details compared to compartmental models. Risk estimates provide insights on the proportion of the population protected by the adoption of one or more of the control measures, which is of practical significance for policymaking. © 2022 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Started in China's Wuhan district late last year, the coronavirus outbreak has thrown several unprecedented challenges. As per the estimates of International Labour Organisation (ILO), due to COVID 19, over 25 million people are likely to lose job. As per the report published by Gallup Foundation, (Harter, 2020) remote workers percentage jumped from 31% to 62% which is likely to impact employee engagement. Employee working remotely can become “next new normal”. Gallup research survey found a strong association between remote mode of working and employee engagement. Employees having option of work from home are more likely to be engaged in comparison to the one who do not have such options available. (Webcast, 2020). An engaged employee is considered to be the best brand ambassador of any organisation. Such an employee is always willing and interested to go “an extra mile” and gives his best at work. For the purpose of the study, data from secondary sources such as e-newspaper, articles, blogs, journal articles and research papers, reports from government organisations, company reports, review articles etc. are gathered and compiled there after a critical analysis of the same is done with respective to objective of the study. During lockdown as per the detailed review undertaken, seven parameters abbreviated as “EFFECTS” were found to be the most important and relevant for employees working from home and making them engaged with the high level of motivation and dedication. These are Employee Voice,Fun Activities,Feelings of Employees,Emotional support, Compassion, Training and Development and Supervision. The study also provides scope for future researchers. © 2021. Transnational Press London. All Rights Reserved.
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused over 230 million infections with more than 4 million deaths worldwide. Researches have been using various mathematical and simulation techniques to estimate the future trends of the pandemic to help the policymakers and healthcare fraternity. Agent-based models (ABM) could provide accurate projections than the compartmental models that have been largely used. The present study involves a simulation of ABM using a synthetic population from India to analyze the effects of interventions on the spread of the disease. A disease model with various states representing the possible progression of the disease was developed and simulated using AnyLogic. The results indicated that imposing stricter non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) lowered the peak values of infections, the proportion of critical patients, and the deceased. Stricter interventions offer a larger time window for the healthcare fraternity to enhance preparedness. The findings of this research could act as a start-point to understand the benefits of ABM-based models for projecting infectious diseases and analyzing the effects of NPI imposed. © 2021 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The novel coronavirus was renamed as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the world health organization, began its spread in December 2019, in the city of Wuhan, China. Global bodies and governments weren't prepared to handle the impact of the virus on society. Nepal's landlocked nation encountered its incident confirmed case of COVID-19 during the first week of January, with the primary host being a student with a travel history from its place of inception. The nation is deficient in its health resources. The country mainly focused on the stringent implementation of washing of hands, wearing masks, restricting general movement, and maintaining social distancing in public. The disease transmission reached to the third stage, which began within three months after the confirmation of the first case of COVID-19. The lack of tropical hospitals, laboratory and diagnostic facilities added to the challenges faced by the country. This paper is a comprehensive review of the overall preparation and steps taken by the federal system of Nepal to combat the virus's effects till the third stage of transmission. It concludes with the practical limitations faced by the governing authorities of the nation while implementing these measures.